Serous Otitis Media - Otitis Media With Effusion
Otitis media with effusion (EOM or OME / serous otitis media ) is used in the middle ear cavity to mean that the fluid collection is without an indication of infection. In this case, serous or secretory otitis media
(This fluid can accumulate in the middle ear as a result of colds, sore throat or upper respiratory tract infection. In SOM, the fluid usually resolves spontaneously within 4 to 6 weeks, ie usually heals spontaneously. However, in some cases the fluid may cause temporary hearing loss if it lasts longer, or it may cause acute otitis media (acute otitis media) as a fluid infection.
Risk Factors for SOM or Otitis Media With Effusion (OME)
۞ Living in a cold environment
۞ The child is in the nursery environment
۞ Feeding on the bottle while lying on the back
۞ Adenoid hypertophy
۞ Cold or allergic conditions that can cause nasal congestion.
۞ Exposure to cigarette smoke
۞ Small babies do not feed with breast milk
ר History of ear infections
۞ Craniofacial abnormalities (eg cleft palate and cleft lip)
۞ Finding a disease or condition that can affect the immune system
SOM or Efusion Otitis Media (EOM) Symptoms
SOM indications are less prominent than acute otitis media. Families, especially small babies, may not notice this indication.
SOM indications are less prominent than acute otitis media. Families, especially small babies, may not notice this indication.
Symptoms of Otitis Media With Effusion
The following are the most common symptoms of EOM:
۞ Low hearing
۞ Trying to catch the ears
۞ Delayed speech development
۞ Children at school age may experience nervousness and character changes
If this condition persists for longer than 3 months in the child and if there is a concern such as a decrease in hearing speech development or an impact on school performance.
If the pockets (retraction pockets) are present, an ear tube (myringotomy tubes) may be placed. The ear canal is drawn through a surgical procedure called myringotomy, and these tubes placed. The type - size of the tube to be inserted and how long it will last depends on the hearing level of the patient, the shape of the membrane and the structure of the aseptic middle ear fluid. Ear tubes
will prevent the ventilation of the middle ear cavity and the retraction of the ear membrane under negative pressure.
Sometimes families may not notice serous otitis media in their children!
When there is fluid in the middle ear cavity, patients usually complain of hearing loss, a feeling of congestion in the ear while swallowing, and a feeling of pressure in the ear. Especially. In small babies and in young patients who cannot express their complaints verbally, families may not notice this situation and many problems such as staying liquid in the middle ear for a long time, negative pressure effect and refraction in the eardrum may occur. Sometimes, families may express that their children increase the volume by taking the television remote control and have perception problems, change in character to be tense and angry, and decrease in school success. When there is negative pressure for more than 3 months and the membrane collapses inwards, changes in the eardrum may occur and it is important that an otolaryngologist follow the patient.
Among the causes of serous otitis media, adenoid hypertrophy and eustachian tube dysfunctions are at the forefront!
The "eustachian tube", which is the anatomical structure that lies between the middle ear and the nasopharynx and is responsible for the ventilation of the middle ear, plays an essential role in middle ear pathologies. When there is adenoid hypertrophy that covers the nasal opening of the Eustachian tube, middle ear aeration is adversely affected and serous otitis can occur easily (as in adenoid hypertrophy). Serous otitis can easily occur as a result of too much pathogenic microbial environment on the adenoid in the eustachian tube opening to the nasal cavity and reaching the middle ear with reflux from the eustachian tube. For these reasons, in patients with serous otitis media resistant to medical treatment, adenoidectomy operation is performed together with the ear ventilation tube procedure as a standard practice. In this operation, the mass effect of the adenoid tissue is reduced and an area with a germ nest is removed. Middle ear problems are also more common when there are problems with the functioning of the Eustachian tube.
Exposure to cigarette smoke makes it easier to see serous otitis in children!
There is an increase in the frequency of all middle ear infections in children living in smoking houses, and an increase in the likelihood of serous otitis media. Cigarette smoke does not only affect your child's throat or nasal mucosa; It causes an increase in inflammation and infection frequency in all upper respiratory tracts. Exposure to cigarette smoke, especially in children aged 2 years, where otitis media is most common, may cause this situation to occur more easily (the frequency of otitis media is the most common in all children aged 6 months to 6 years compared to general life expectancy). Washing your child's nose with ocean water sprays after exposure to cigarette smoke is not sufficient to prevent serous otitis media.
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| In the photo above, the eardrum examination pictures of a child who was brought with the complaint of hearing loss after the viral upper respiratory tract are seen. There is increased vascularity in both eardrums and fluid reflection behind the membrane. |
Treatment of Middle Ear Fluid
When there is middle ear fluid, treatments and measures can be applied primarily for the underlying causes that may cause this condition. These:
- treatment of existing upper respiratory tract infection
- treatment of nasal congestion (treatments for causes such as allergy, turbinate hypertrophy, adenoid hypertrophy)
- termination of crowded microbial environment contact (such as not going to the nursery ...)
- cessation of cigarette smoke full
- reduction of heat exchange
- In addition to the above, medical treatment can be started in patients who do not improve
- In the follow-up of patients who do not improve with medical treatment, if there is retraction conductive hearing loss in the eardrum, ear ventilation tube insertion and adenoidectomy operations can be planned.
You can find detailed information on the following links:
Link group where you can find detailed information about serous otitis media on this website >> https://www.ent-istanbul.com/search?q=Serous+Otitis+Media
Murat Enoz, MD, Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgeon - ENT Doctor in Istanbul
Private Office:
Address: İncirli Cad. No:41, Kat:4 (Dilek Patisserie Building), Postal code: 34147, Bakırköy - İstanbul
Appointment Phone: +90 212 561 00 52
Appointment Phone: +90 212 561 00 52
Fax: +90 212 542 74 47
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